Participation

Since the beginning of the survey, 2,161 Low Income caregivers have participated in RAPID.

Demographics

Age

Income

Income is presented in thousands of dollars per year.

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
income.cat statistic p.value
< 20k 1157.89 < .001
20k-40k 1252.41 < .001
40k-60k 65.42 < .001
60k-80k 316.40 < .001
80k-100k 217.38 < .001
100k-150k 346.15 < .001
150k-200k 133.20 < .001
200k+ 122.21 < .001

Poverty

Employment

Employment change

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
employment_change statistic p.value
Became Employed 3.77 .052
Became Unemployed 12.24 .001
Stable Employed 357.36 < .001
Stable Other 81.78 < .001
Stable Unemployed 147.98 < .001

Race

Ethnicity

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
latinx_cat statistic p.value
non-Latinx 37.56 < .001
Latinx 37.56 < .001

Single parent households

p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction
single_cat statistic p.value
Dual parent 382.86 < .001
Single parent 382.86 < .001

Mental health (raw scores)

Caregiver

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-6.63 40.71 47.34 -9.8 < .001 3963.35 -7.95 -5.3 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Correlates of

Test

Significance of linear model using variable to predict mental health within Low Income caregivers
Variable Within group Difference between group and sample
material_hardship < .001 .432
work_status < .001 < .001
single .004 < .001
age .009 .425
race_ethnic < .001 .168

Figures (within sample)

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## [[1]]$material_hardship

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Figures (between sample)

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Anxiety

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.57 38.36 43.92 -6.6 < .001 4111.28 -7.22 -3.91 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Depression

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-8.68 26.34 35.02 -11.12 < .001 3854.55 -10.21 -7.15 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Stress

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-6.88 52.31 59.19 -7.89 < .001 4203.96 -8.59 -5.17 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Loneliness

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.38 45.82 51.2 -7.2 < .001 4013.17 -6.85 -3.92 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Child

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.36 37.02 42.38 -6.9 < .001 4081.93 -6.89 -3.84 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fussy

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-5.93 49.32 55.25 -6.55 < .001 4233.87 -7.71 -4.16 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fear

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-4.72 24.72 29.43 -5.16 < .001 3965.1 -6.51 -2.93 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Mental health (change scores)

Caregiver

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
1.84 12.95 11.12 3.41 .001 4241.05 0.78 2.89 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Correlates of

Test

Significance of linear model using variable to predict mental health within Low Income caregivers
Variable Within group Difference between group and sample
material_hardship < .001 .432
work_status < .001 < .001
single .654 < .001
age .270 .425
race_ethnic .006 .168

Figures (within sample)

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## [[1]]$material_hardship

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## [[2]]$work_status

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## [[3]]$race_ethnic

Figures (between sample)

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Anxiety

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
2.3 11.99 9.69 3.19 .001 4434.27 0.89 3.72 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Depression

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
1.65 10.21 8.56 2.61 .009 4193.65 0.41 2.89 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Stress

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
1.69 16.96 15.27 2.04 .041 4273.14 0.07 3.32 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Loneliness

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
1.69 16.96 15.27 2.04 .041 4273.14 0.07 3.32 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Child

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-0.33 10.65 10.98 -0.48 .635 4187.77 -1.68 1.02 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fussy

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-0.04 13.07 13.1 -0.04 .967 4229.47 -1.73 1.66 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Fear

Values represent the difference between a caregiver’s response for the past week and their “baseline” or retrospective report of this variable pre-pandemic.

On average

estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value parameter conf.low conf.high method alternative
-0.42 8.28 8.71 -0.54 .589 4239.32 -1.97 1.12 Welch Two Sample t-test two.sided

Over time

Material hardship

Overall

Types of hardship

t-tests comparing hardship across groups. p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a Holm correction.
category difference statistic p.value df
food -0.3410967 -21.189278 < .001 1662.1970
house -0.3577559 -22.653666 < .001 1777.8910
utilities -0.4084305 -27.801060 < .001 2252.6403
healthcare -0.1454856 -8.633417 < .001 978.2622
social -0.2409884 -14.193074 < .001 1025.9151
emotional -0.2548290 -14.976239 < .001 1068.7274
childcare -0.1753184 -10.434239 < .001 959.9609
other -0.1144764 -8.284419 < .001 724.6429

By Week

Childcare

On average

Type of childcare (average)

Type of childcare (over time)

By week

Discrimination

Concerns for children (average)

Concerns for children (over time)

Caregiver well-being

The relationship between well-being and concerns for children is NOT significantly different for Low Income caregivers

Child well-being

The relationship between child well-being and concerns for children is significantly different for Low Income caregivers

Discrimination (average)

Discrimination (over time)

Caregiver well-being

The relationship between well-being and discrimination for children is NOT significantly different for Low Income caregivers

Child well-being

The relationship between child well-being and discrimination for children is NOT significantly different for Low Income caregivers